Typical interpretation of the score is:īecause it relies on reading and writing skills, the MMSE can produce false positives for cognitive impairment among patients with limited literacy. The second part tests ability to name, follow verbal and written commands, write a sentence spontaneously, and copy a complex polygon the maximum score is 9,” according to Folstein. “The first part requires vocal responses only and covers orientation, memory, and attention the maximum score is 21. It can help identify and estimate the severity of cognitive impairment and serve as a marker for comparisons over time.Īvailable in multiple languages, the MMSE is a 30‐question assessment that tests orientation to time and place, repetition, verbal recall, attention and calculation, language and visual construction. It is a “brief, clinical, quantitative measure of cognitive status in adults” that can be completed in about 10 minutes, explain Monroe and Carter. The Folstein Mini-Mental Status Exam (MMSE) is “the most commonly used cognitive screening tool worldwide and remains the most thoroughly studied instrument to date,” according to Roqué-Figuls et al. This is why other tools for assessment of cognitive functioning are valuable. Yet it provides only a very limited picture of cognitive functioning. Mini-Mental State Examination Montreal Cognitive Assessment cognitive impairment executive function post-stroke.The BIMS is used for cognitive screening in nursing homes and is a component of the MDS. The MoCA executive tasks are more sensitive in detecting executive dysfunction compared with the MMSE executive tasks. Compared with the MMSE three-step command test (15.5%), the MoCA trail-making (57.8%), abstraction (48.0%) and abstraction (measurement tool 45.7%) detected more patients with executive dysfunction (P < 0.001), whereas the MoCA digit span forwards (4.3%) and backwards (11.6%) detected fewer patients (P < 0.001 and P = 0.005, respectively). The likelihood of incorrect MMSE executive tasks increased across decreasing scores of MoCA executive tasks (P < 0.001 for trend). The MoCA detected more patients with executive dysfunction than the MMSE (OR 15.399, 95% CI 12.631-18.773 P < 0.001). The proportions of patients with incorrect MoCA executive subtests and the proportions of patients with incorrect MMSE executive subtests were compared.Ī total of 1222 patients (703 men and 519 women, aged 62.06 ± 10.68 and 62.76 ± 9.86 years, respectively) were recruited. The MMSE and MoCA were collected from post-stroke patients (within 15 days to 1 month after stroke, including ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke) in 14 hospitals of northern and southern China (including 10 top-graded hospitals and 4 community hospitals) between June 2011 and September 2013. Thus, the present study aimed to determine how much executive abnormality was detected by the MMSE and MoCA executive subtests in a population-based cohort of Chinese post-stroke patients. However, it is still not known whether all the MoCA executive subtests contribute to the superior sensitivity. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) has been shown to be more sensitive in detecting executive dysfunction than the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE).
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